It is not routinely used to prevent TB in the United States. BCG offers protection against TB in children but typically does not offer protection into adulthood. Usually given to infants, it may be re-administered at other times. Is there a vaccine to prevent a person from getting TB? A TB vaccine called Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is given in many countries to prevent TB. It can also occur with aging and weakening of the immune system, or it may also occur for other, unknown reasons. It occurs for a variety of reasons such as: if LBTI is not fully treated, or if a resistant strain of TB has developed or if the individual's immune system becomes weakened (like with cancer, HIV, malnutrition, diabetes, or long-term use of steroids). In other words the bacteria become "active" and cause the person to become ill. Sometimes it occurs for unknown reasons.Īctive TB develops when the body is no longer able to keep the bacteria dormant. cancer, HIV, malnutrition, diabetes, aging with subsequent weakening of the immune system, or long-term steroid use. This is called TB disease and may occur if LBTI is not fully treated, if a resistant strain of TB has developed, if the individual's immune system becomes weakened (e.g. ![]() The bacteria become "active" and cause the person to become ill. If treated at this stage, Active TB can usually be prevented.Īctive TB develops when the body can no longer keep the bacteria dormant. The person is well and cannot spread the infection. The person does not develop Active TB during this time, and is said to have Latent TB infection (LTBI). In other cases, the person’s immune response ”walls off” the bacteria inside the body, causing the bacteria to become dormant. For many, their immune system is able to remove the bacteria, and they do not develop the disease. TB is not as contagious as influenza.ĭoes everyone exposed to TB become infected? It usually takes being in close proximity to a person with Active TB for prolonged periods of time in an enclosed environment to be at a higher risk for infection. Bacteria in respiratory droplets can then be inhaled by others. How is TB transmitted? Tuberculosis spreads through the air when a person with Active TB of the lungs coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. Identifying and treating those who are infected, but have not yet become ill with Active TB, can prevent the spread of TB. ![]() ![]() Medications can treat TB, but if not recognized and treated, TB can progress and even be fatal. Tuberculosis What is Tuberculosis (TB)? How is TB transmitted? Does everyone exposed to TB become infected? Is there a vaccine to prevent a person from getting TB? What are the symptoms of TB? How is tuberculosis diagnosed? Who should get tested for TB? What does one do if they think they have symptoms of TB? How is TB treated? How does one get tested for TB? What does UHS do if students possibly have been exposed to TB? What is Tuberculosis (TB)? Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but can attack other parts of the body such as the lymph nodes, kidneys, bones, or brain.
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